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One of the costliest battles in military history, Verdun exemplified the policy of a " war of attrition" pursued by both sides, which led to an enormous loss of life and very large casualty lists.
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Verdun was the site of a major battle, the longest-lasting of the First World War. Īerial photograph of Fort Douaumont towards the end of 1916 This consisted of a mutually supporting ring of 22 polygonal forts up to 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) from the city, and an inner ring of 6 forts. Shortly afterwards, a new system of fortification was begun. In the Franco-Prussian War, Verdun was the last French fortress to surrender in 1870. During the Napoleonic War, the citadel was used to hold British prisoners of war. Although much of his plan was built in the following decades, some of the elements were not completed until after the Napoleonic Wars. In 1670, Sébastien Le Prestre de Vauban visited Verdun and drew up an ambitious scheme to fortify the whole city. The Bishopric of Verdun formed together with Tull ( Toul) and Metz the Three Bishoprics, which were annexed by France in 1552 (recognized in 1648 by the Peace of Westphalia).įrom 1624 to 1636, a large bastioned citadel was constructed on the site of the Abbey of Saint Vanne.
#Verdun pronunciation free
Verdun was part of the middle kingdom of Lotharingia, and in 1374 it became a free imperial city of the Holy Roman Empire. įrom 1200 onward, Verdun has been famous for its Dragées or sugared almonds they were distributed at the baptism of French princes. It is also possible that Liutprand was referring to Verona. While many still identify it as Verdun on the Meuse, some argue that Verdun-sur-le-Doubs is a more feasible identification. The identity of the "Verdun" mentioned in sources is disputed, because there are many cities called Verdun in Europe (such as Verdun-sur-Garonne in Occitania, and Verdun-sur-le-Doubs). The Italian ambassador Liutprand of Cremona, as one example in the 10th century, presented a gift of four eunuchs to Emperor Constantine VII. The 843 Treaty of Verdun divided Charlemagne's empire between his three surviving sons.Īround this time, a city called Verdun was the centre of the thriving European trade in young boys who were sold to the Islamic emirates of Iberia, where they were enslaved as eunuchs. In 486, following the decisive Frankish victory at the Battle of Soissons, the city (amongst several other nearby cities) refused to yield to the Franks and was thus besieged by King Clovis I. It has been the seat of the bishop of Verdun since the 4th century, with interruptions. Verdun ( Verodunum, a latinisation of a place name meaning "strong fort" in Gaulish) was founded by the Gauls. The A4 autoroute Paris–Metz–Strasbourg passes south of the town. Send us feedback.Verdun is situated on both banks of the river Meuse, in the northern part of the Meuse department. These example sentences are selected automatically from various online news sources to reflect current usage of the word 'verdure.' Views expressed in the examples do not represent the opinion of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Neima Jahromi, The New Yorker, 8 June 2018 See More
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Lauren Delgado,, 14 July 2018 One, dripping in verdure, is that of the cocktail and oyster lounge Maison Premiere, in Williamsburg. 2019 Other eats Starting our meal was the verdure agro dulce ($13), a plate of yellow and purple cauliflower, romanesco, green beans, pine nuts and golden raisins sitting in a pool of a sweet vinegary sauce. John Patrick Leary, The New Republic, 25 Oct. 2020 The Latin viridis evoked virility, virtue, and verdure. Gillian Osborne, Harper's Magazine, 22 June 2021 Raspberry Powder Roberto Toro, Chef at Belmond Grand Hotel Timeo in SicilyĬhef Roberto Toro shares his personal interpretation of the traditional Sicilian dish of tubettini alle verdure e pecorino, which can be easily recreated at home.Īlisha Prakash, Travel + Leisure, 6 Apr. 2021 And an acknowledgment of allegory: that a color could stand for a condition of verdure, ailing, on a planetary scale. 2021 The pizza that calls to me most, verdure, looks like Christmas. 2021 The road was flanked by walls of dolomite, valley floors of grapevines and verdure. Recent Examples on the Web Brussels sprouts make the delicious verdure pizza look like Christmas.